Case Study D: Professorite küla: Difference between revisions
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== A.4 References == | == A.4 References == | ||
* '' | *''https://register.muinas.ee/public.php'' | ||
* ''https://geoportaal.maaamet.ee/eng/'' | |||
= Phase B: Landscape Evaluation and Assessment = | = Phase B: Landscape Evaluation and Assessment = | ||
Revision as of 23:26, 7 April 2019
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| Area | Professorite küla | |
| Place | Kopli peninsula, Tallinn | |
| Country | Estonia | |
| Topics | Land use and green and blue infrastructure | |
| Author(s) | Alexandru Milea ; Patrizia Eben ; Jonas Löhle ; Masteneh Mahfouzi ; Marie-Laure Druet ; Kaidi Pintmann ; Andra Birica ; Irina Midoni | |
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Rationale
Professorite küla is an area of the South sea side of Kopli peninsula, located on the North of Tallinn. Its main characteristic is the presence of a strong historical past throught various buildings such as the school wich gives the name of the area and is a final point of the main road, the industrial buildings linked to the port acivity and the private wooden houses with their garden. This mixity and the inaccessibility to the sea physically (views are available) is a problem for the good quality of life because of some abandoned buildings which bring an unsecurity feeling. The main challenge in this area is to find a balance between the growth of industry and their move into land because of the water level rise, the need of housing to improve the quality of life and the keeping of the green public spaces which can be the solution of the pressure of both industry and housing sprawls, and which can be considered as buffer zones.
Location and scope
You can edit this map with the map editor
A Landscape System Analysis
A.1 Landscape layers and their system context
Geomorphology, landscape units and coastal typology
Professorite küla is located in Kopli Klint Peninsula.The ridge is mostly buried under sand and therefore not traceable in the topography despite its remarkable height (40–100 m). The geology under the Professorite küla area is made up of rocks and sediments of Cambrian age represented by fluvioglacial sediments deposited and „blue clay” terrace. The substrate into which the buried valleys were carved is made up of hard sedimentary rock. In the study area are found industries, public spaces/park and residential spaces; this is an urban area. Professorite küla has a heavy anthropogenic pressure. The principal drivers in the area are geomorphological processes (waves, storms, tides, ice and erosions) and industrial activities. The wave activity and the wind-induced surge during storm events are the principal physical erosion agents. Moraine bluffs of the promontories are eroded during extremely severe storm surge events. The presence of sea ice over the winters and its potential attacks add another dimension to the vulnerability of the coasts. The area has potential to change over the time as it is a subject to many driving forces.
Sea ice in the winter, source: Prt Scr www.google.com/maps
Industrial activities in Kopli Bay, source: www.en.geoview.info
Tallinn Klint map, source: www.looduskalender.ee
Land use
Historically, Kopli peninsula was covered by an oak forest. At the beginning of the 20 century, the Russian Embassy decided to establish a new military fleet (port of war, maritime security and shipbuilding facilities). As a result, port and industry area are present at the end of the peninsula (limit west of Professorite küla site) and on the South side coast of the peninsula (in purple on pictures). Between those two areas, a huge tree-filled with private houses along the coast having an access to the sea (green on pictures) gives the quality of life of Professorite küla's site.
In the land use maps from Copernicus, we can see how the port area (pink) present in 1990 turned off nowadays in a mixed area of industrial or commercial activities (purple), keeping the port activities and at the same time, how it has taken more space at the discontinuous medium density urban fabric (red), composed of wooden houses with their private garden and residential buildings (R+3 in average).
We can imagine a future going to the opposite way where industries go away in order to give an access to the sea as before, thanks to the existing potentials on place of the area (open view areas (blue in last map) and abandonned buildings which could be renovated) and where more housing are provided with an access to green and blue public spaces, improved too.
1920 : industry and harbour activity ; tlm_f1748_pisipilt.jpeg; 1930 : othophoto of the Professorite küla and the end of the peninsula - https://www.muis.ee/museaalview/153418
Green/blue infrastructure
Green Infrastructure can be defined as a strategically planned network of valuable natural and semi-natural areas, designed to ensure a wide range of ecosystem services in both urban and rural areas and to protect biodiversity. The green infrastructure aims to create a sustainable relationship between nature and society. Green Infrastructure Strategies seek to sustainably align the underlying systems to prevent irreparable damage to wider ecosystems. A goal is to maintain and improve the functionality of existing, intact ecosystems, to largely remedy defective ecosystems and to create new ecosystems to maintain important ecosystem services and maximize their effectiveness.
The graphic shows the main green elements (consisting mainly of public parks) in the project area and its surroundings. Those elements create a green belt with North-South orientation. From just a few pictures it is hard to estimate the value they provide for a functional green infrastructure with lots of ecosystem services. But still, they are part of it. Also, in my opinion it is not hard to say, that there are almost no blue infrastructure elements within the project are with a natural value. They are all dense built areas with harbours, industrial or military sites (marked with a darker blue).
green and blue infrastructure
Actors and stakeholders
The area of Professorite Küla is located in Tallinn on the Kopli peninsula, where both sides are bordered with harbours and industrial sites. In this case it can be said that the living areas are mixed with industrial areas. There is everything for the living environment- a kindergarten, school, shopping centres, church and also the tram which has good connection with the city centre. Since the very early days Kopli Peninsula has been known as an industrial province where employees were also allowed to live. As the time has changed the interest of residents has shifted as well. These days there is a great interest for developers who see the opportunities to earn remarkable profit thanks to of the beautiful location - the proximity of the sea and the city centre. But developers have to consider local governments’ authority and interests in this area where the ports and industries still play major role. On top of that, one of the branches of Tallinn University of Technology called Estonian Maritime Academy is located in the Professorite Küla which brings young people to Kopli on a daily basis and who revitalize everyday life.
In 2009 non-profit organization Proressorite Küla Selts was created by local people and it has a mission - to promote and introduce the life and history of the Kopli Peninsula. They have their own Social Media page and web platform. The organization creates and promotes events to introduce Kopli area with its’ fascinating history. Proffessorite Küla area has also been called the residence of educated people.
Power map of Professorite Küla
Sacred spaces and heritage
References:
As it can be seen in the map, many monuments are located in our project area of the Professors village. The area used to be a huge forest on the outskirts of the inner city, but at the beginning of the 20th century, the peninsula became more and more an industrial area. For military defense large shipyards were built, in which among other things submarines and military ships were manufactured.
Some of the industrial buildings are still preserved and recognized as heritage buildings. In total, there are around 27 heritage buildings and one historical monument in our working area. However, not only the yards (including e.g. the Bekker shipyard and the Russian-Baltic shipyard) were built, but entire settlements rised around them. They offered apartments and even schools, shopping and other facilities for the workers and their families.
In particular, the residential buildings of factory officials, managers and engineers are still in a good condition and attractive sights. The beautiful, mostly wooden houses are valued by the city as an important part of Tallinns cultural heritage. This is also were the name of Professors village comes from. Most of the monuments are empty today, but a few are still used: for example the main factory building of the Russian-Baltic shipyard is occupied by the Estonian Maritime Academy today.
Visual appearance and landscape narrative
The landscape character of the area is predominantly defined by two elements, the physical factors defined by the coastal landscape and the industrial heritage in which the human shaped the landscape and adapted it in pursuit of economic growth. The oak forest of the peninsula dates back to 1365. But as is the case with many cities that suffered a rapid growth at the beginning of the 20th century, the peninsula became more of an industrial area, especially thanks to coastal setting and the building of the railway in 1870. When shipyards were built on Kopli peninsula in the early 1912s, most of the coast was rendered inaccessible to the general public in the area. Settlements that included residential quarters, schools, kindergartens, shops, and churches were raised around the industrial area to accommodate the huge number of workers. Parks were also planned as part of the green infrastructure. It was planned to build a representative park in the Kopli Peninsula, but this idea was not realized. Süsta Park is one of the green areas preserved to this day. Even though the settlements are no longer connected with the industrial area. Professor’s Village’ is an area of wooden houses that have survived the decline of Kopli as is seen on the area on the other side of the tram line, as Oliver Orro[1] depicted it.
“Many buildings that have been left vacant have burned down by now or stand in ruins. The original, integrally planned structure of the factory settlement is perishing to a great extent.”
Elements that shaped the landscape during industrialization are depicted in quite a few painting including in the works of Jaan Elken 1981 and 1983 paintings “Paljassaare“[2][3]) and “Kaater”[4].
View of an old building in decomposition nowadays https://m.facebook.com/Professorite.Kyla.Selts/photos/a.1515697078512086/1515697191845408/?type=3&source=54
ДМИТРИЕВ А.И.РУССКО-БАЛТИЙСКИЙ ЗАВОД В РЕВЕЛЕ. 1914 (Dmitriev A.I. RUSSIAN-BALTIC FACTORY IN REVEL. 1914) https://www.spbmuseum.ru/funds/321/3489/?fbclid=IwAR0EOJe6JV-SQhLlbEpkkyu_Fyf0Jow2PCI5Ut-Sr4wLrUnHAGFIdOiNwnw
View on School Professorite küla in 1913 - http://extrazoom.com/image-46083.html?fbclid=IwAR3_sNMkSAJ2GFihzW58zP6neuDcyKsIoc-I1UGai8YxXdm42z47d3xjtG0
A.2 Summary of you landscape system analysis and your development Targets
- You can summarize your findings with an DPSI(R) Model or a Spider Diagram
- Link back to the Sustainable Development Goals: Which goals are at risk?
- What is your hypothesis for this landscape?
- Visualise your hypothesis with one graphic/pict
- Are there any existing initiatives taking action in this landscape? Do you have a critical perspective on that?
- Add text and visuals
- Your case your spider diagram or dpsir model.jpg
explain your analysis briefly in the caption
- Your case your hypothesis visual.jpg
explain your hypthesis briefly in the caption
A.3 Theory reflection
- Reflect on at least three international policy documents in relation to their local landscape case
- choose one international, one European and one national document
- You can choose references from our reading list
- Scope: 250 words
A.4 References
Phase B: Landscape Evaluation and Assessment
B.1 Assessment Strategy
- Based on the hypothesis derived from your previous landscape systems analysis you are now asked to define the goals for assessing the landscape. Your assessment is the basis for evaluating the landscape status.
- Which elements and phenomena need to be mapped, why and how?
- This a text contribution, max 250 words
B.2 Mapping
- As defined by your assessment strategy you conduct the mapping and present your findings here
- As a minimum, at least three different themes need to be mapped, you may choose more if needed
- Your case your assessment mapping themel.jpg
briefly explain the findings of your mapping
- Your case your assessment mapping theme2.jpg
briefly explain the findings of your mapping
- Your case your assessment mapping theme3.jpg
briefly explain the findings of your mapping
B.3 Problem definition and priority setting
- Give a summary of the major findings of your mapping process, what are the problems/potentials identified?
- Draw a problems/potentials map
- Set priorities for the most relevant issues
- Your case problems potentials map.jpg
add caption here
B.4 Theory reflection
- Please reflect the assessment and evaluation methods used based on at least three readings
- Did you encounter limitations'
- 200 words test contribution
B.5 References
- give a full list of the references you have used for this section
Phase C – Strategy and Master Plan
C.1 Goal Setting
- Define strategic planning objectives based on the evaluation findings
- Link back to your original targets from section one and the Development Goals
- 150 words text contribution
C.2 Spatial Strategy and Transect
- translate your strategic goals into a vision
- develop a spatial translation of your vision
- exemplify your vision in the form of a transect with concrete interventions
- add map(s) and visualizations
- Your case spatial translaton vision.jpg
add caption here
- Your case transect.jpg
add caption here
- Your case transect detail1.jpg
add caption here
- Your case transect detail2.jpg
add caption here
C.3 From Theory of Change to Implementation
- For implementing your vision: Which partnerships are needed? Which governance model is required?
- Who needs to act and how? Draw and explain a change/process model/timeline
- Which resources are needed? On which assets can you build?
- add 150 words text and visuals
- Your case spatial your governance model.jpg
add caption here
- Your case spatial your process model.jpg
add caption here
C.4 References
- give a full list of the references you have used for this section
D. Process Reflection
- Reflect in your intercultural and interdisciplinary team on the outcomes of your study
- Which limitations were you facing?
- What have you learnt from each other?
- What would you do differently next time?
- You can also use diagrams/visuals
- 250 words text